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Friday, March 3, 2017

Slovenia, Cool Facts #170

<= 169. Serbia                                                                                                              171. Slovakia => 




1. Prehistoric Findings in Slovenia

The present-day Slovenia has been inhabited since prehistoric times and there is even evidence of human settlement from around 250,000 years ago. A lot of archeological discoveries have been made in Slovenia.

List of discoveries: 
1920-1930s Potok cave: pierced bones, bone points and needle belonging to the Cro-Magnon people were found by archaeologist Srečko Bodar

1995 Divje Babe cave: A pierced cave bear bone, dating to 43100 ± 700, was found and it's possibly the oldest musical instrument discovered in the world. 



Divje Babe Flute


2002 Ljublana Marshes: remains of pile dwellings and the Ljubljana Marshes Wooden Wheel, possibly the oldest wooden wheel in the world were discovered. 


Ljubljana Marshes Wheel


2. Slovenia in World War II 

During World War II Slovenia was partitioned completely among the Axis Powers. The country was annexed to both Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. In addition, the Prekmurje region in the east was annexed to Hungary and some villages in the Lower Sava Valley were annexed to the newly created Nazi puppet state of Independent State of Croatia.

In 1941 Slovenian National Liberation Front was organized and it formed the Slovene partisan units as part of the Yugoslav Partisans led by the Communist leader Josip Broz Tito. In 1945 the whole Yugoslavia was liberated by the partisan resistance. Soon after this the People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was established and Slovenia joined it as a constituent republic.


Slovenia in World War II


- Particularly in the 1950s Slovenia's economy developed quickly and was strongly industrialized
- In 1965-1966 Slovenia's domestic product was 2,5 time the average of Yugoslav republics 
- During being part of Yugoslavia many Slovenians felt they were being exploited, having to sustain an expensive and inefficient federal administration
- Slovenia is per capita the richest of the Slavic countries by nominal GDP 
- Slovenia is per capita the second richest of the Slavic countries by GDP (PPP) after Czechia 


4. Nature in Slovenia 

- Slovenia's highest peak is Triglav 2864m 
- The Alps, the Dinarides, the Pannonian Plain and the Mediterranean meat in Slovenia 
- Slovenia is the third most forested country in Europe after Finland and Sweden  
- Slovenia is in a quite seismic zone because of its position on the small Adriatic Plate 
- 36% of Slovenia's land area are protected Natura 2000 areas, which is the largest percentage among European Union countries 
- Biodiversity is very high in Slovenia, with 1% of the world's organisms on only 0,004% of the Earth's surface 


Scenery from the top of Mangart
Soča River


5. Sports in Slovenia 

- Slovenia is a natural sports venue, which is why so many Slovenians actively practice sports
- Because of its geography Slovenia has several endurance and extreme sportsmen, who have gained international reputation
- Gymnastics and fencing were the most popular sports in Slovenia before World War II
- Currently tennis and mountaineering are the most widespread sporting activities in Slovenia
- Slovenia has won 22 Olympic and 19 Paralympics medals since 1992
- Slovenia has been successful in sports like: handball, basketball, soccer, ice hockey, rowing, swimming, tennis, boxing and athletics


Slovenian athletes, Sochi Winter Olympics 2014


Timeline

394 Crucial Battle of the Frigidius was fought between the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I and Western Roman ruler Eugenius in Vipava Valley
568 Lombards, the last Germanic tribe departed westward and after this Slavic tribes migrated to the Alpine area
623-626 Around these years King Samo united the Alpine and Western Slavs against the Avars and Germanic peoples
658 After King Samo's death the ancestors of the Slovenes formed the duchy of Carantania in present-day Carinthia
700s In the mid-century Carantania became a vassal duchy under the rule of the Bavarians, who started spreading Christianity
800 Carantanians and Bavarians were incorporated into the Carolingian Empire
955 Slovene territory was divided into a many different border regions of the Holy Roman Empire after the victory of Otto I over the Magyars
1200s Carniola became Austria's Habsburg family's lands
1300s Most of present-day Slovenia was taken over by the Habsburgs
1515 Peasant revolt spread nearly across the whole Slovene area, when about 80,000 rebels demanded the reintroduction of the original feudal obligations, trade rights and a right to decide about the taxes
1572 Croatian-Slovene peasant revolt
1797 The Republic of Venice was dissolved by France and thus Venetian Slovenia passed to the Austrian Empire
1880-1910 Around 300,000 Slovenes emigrated mostly to the US and also Argentina, Germany, Egypt and Austria-Hungary
1848 Revolutions of Europe, during the year of revolutions in Europe, Slovenes wanted the establishment of a separate Slovene province in the Austrian Empire
1910s Entire areas of the Slovene littoral were destroyed during World War I
1918 In October Slovenia joined the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
1918 In December The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs merged with Serbia forming the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1920 Slovene-speaking southern Carinthia was ceded to Austria, but the Kingdom of Yugoslavia got the Slovene-inhabited Prekmurje region, formerly part of Austria-Hungary
1929 The state was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1941 Axis forces invaded Yugoslavia
1945 Yugoslavia was liberated by the partisan resistance and soon became the People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which Slovenia joined as a constituent republic
1947 Slovene Littoral and the western half of Inner Carniola were annexed back to Slovenia after Italy had annexed them during World War I
1949-1953 Failure of forced collectivization led to a policy of gradual economic liberalisation afterwards
1956 Josip Broz Tito, together with other leaders, formed the Non-Aligned Movement
1980 Tito died and the political and economic situation in Yugoslavia became very strained after his death
1990 In December more than 88% of the electorate voted for a sovereign and independent Slovenia
1991 On June 25th Slovenia became independent and few days afterwards the Ten-Day War started between Slovenia and the Yugoslav People's Army ending in Slovenian victory
2004 Slovenia joined the European Union
2007 Slovenia started using the euro currency
2011 Protests on October 15th
2012-2013 Slovenian protests against the political elite members, accused of corruption

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